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Upper Respiratory Tract Series: Laryngomalacia and Vocal Cord Paresis/Paralysis in Pediatrics

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1.  Laryngomalacia usually includes which characteristic below:
  1. Shortened aryepiglottic (AE) folds
  2. Absent cuneiform tubercle
  3. Lengthened vocal cords
  4. Narrowed rima glottidis
2.  As a result of unilateral vocal cord paralysis, vocal cords are in which position at rest?
  1. Open
  2. Complete blockage
  3. Partially closed
  4. Complete occlusion
3.  According to Bernouilli's principle, obstruction during respiratory effort commonly generates a differential pressure of:
  1. 0-20 mm Hg
  2. 21-39 mm Hg
  3. 40-100 mm Hg
  4. 101-130 mm Hg
4.  The cricoid diameter of a neonatal airway is approximately 4.5 - 5.0 mm, requiring an average size endotracheal tube of:
  1. 2.0
  2. 2.5
  3. 3.0
  4. 3.5
5.  Severe complications related to an infant choking and coughing during liquid intake include the following:
  1. Apparent life-threatening event (ALTEs) / Brief, resolved, unexplained event (BRUEs)
  2. No cyanosis
  3. Gaining weight
  4. No increased work of breathing